Liver Function Tests (LFTs) are a group of blood tests that help evaluate how well your liver is working. These tests measure different enzymes, proteins, and substances produced or processed by the liver. Understanding LFT results can help detect liver disease, monitor treatment, or assess the effects of medications.
| Test Name | Normal Range | What it Measures | What High/Low Means |
|---|---|---|---|
| ALT (Alanine Aminotransferase) | 7–56 U/L | Enzyme mainly in liver | 🔺 High: Liver damage (e.g., hepatitis, fatty liver) |
| AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase) | 10–40 U/L | Enzyme in liver, heart, muscles | 🔺 High: Liver or muscle damage |
| ALP (Alkaline Phosphatase) | 40–130 U/L | Enzyme in liver, bones, bile ducts | 🔺 High: Bile duct obstruction, bone disease |
| GGT (Gamma-glutamyl Transferase) | 9–48 U/L | Enzyme in bile ducts | 🔺 High: Alcohol use, bile duct disease |
| Total Bilirubin | 0.3–1.2 mg/dL | Waste product from red blood cell breakdown | 🔺 High: Jaundice, liver or bile duct issue |
| Direct Bilirubin | 0.1–0.3 mg/dL | Conjugated bilirubin | 🔺 High: Bile flow issues |
| Albumin | 3.4–5.4 g/dL | Main liver-made protein | 🔻 Low: Liver damage, malnutrition |
| Total Protein | 6.3–7.9 g/dL | Albumin + Globulin | 🔻 Low: Liver/kidney issues, malabsorption |
| Prothrombin Time (PT/INR) | PT: 11–13.5 sec | Time to form blood clot | 🔺 High: Liver dysfunction (slower clotting) |
| Pattern of Results | Possible Condition | Action |
|---|---|---|
| ALT ↑↑, AST ↑ | Hepatitis (viral, autoimmune, drug-induced) | Further tests (HBV, HCV), liver ultrasound |
| ALP ↑, GGT ↑ | Bile duct problems, alcohol-related liver disease | Imaging (ultrasound, MRCP) |
| Bilirubin ↑, ALP ↑ | Cholestasis, gallstones, tumor | May need ERCP or surgery |
| Albumin ↓, PT ↑ | Chronic liver disease, cirrhosis | Long-term management, liver protection |
| Mild isolated AST ↑ | Muscle injury, exercise, heart issues | Repeat, check CK levels |
| All normal | Healthy liver | Maintain healthy lifestyle |
Would you like this data presented in a PDF for patient education, or turned into a visual chart for your website/blog?
https://kkseth.blogspot.com/2025/08/tool-liver-function-test-lft.html
Liver Function Tests (LFTs) are a group of blood tests that help evaluate how well your liver is working. These tests measure different enzymes, proteins, and substances produced or processed by the liver. Understanding LFT results can help detect liver disease, monitor treatment, or assess the effects of medications.
| Test Name | Normal Range | What it Measures | What High/Low Means |
|---|---|---|---|
| ALT (Alanine Aminotransferase) | 7–56 U/L | Enzyme mainly in liver | 🔺 High: Liver damage (e.g., hepatitis, fatty liver) |
| AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase) | 10–40 U/L | Enzyme in liver, heart, muscles | 🔺 High: Liver or muscle damage |
| ALP (Alkaline Phosphatase) | 40–130 U/L | Enzyme in liver, bones, bile ducts | 🔺 High: Bile duct obstruction, bone disease |
| GGT (Gamma-glutamyl Transferase) | 9–48 U/L | Enzyme in bile ducts | 🔺 High: Alcohol use, bile duct disease |
| Total Bilirubin | 0.3–1.2 mg/dL | Waste product from red blood cell breakdown | 🔺 High: Jaundice, liver or bile duct issue |
| Direct Bilirubin | 0.1–0.3 mg/dL | Conjugated bilirubin | 🔺 High: Bile flow issues |
| Albumin | 3.4–5.4 g/dL | Main liver-made protein | 🔻 Low: Liver damage, malnutrition |
| Total Protein | 6.3–7.9 g/dL | Albumin + Globulin | 🔻 Low: Liver/kidney issues, malabsorption |
| Prothrombin Time (PT/INR) | PT: 11–13.5 sec | Time to form blood clot | 🔺 High: Liver dysfunction (slower clotting) |
| Pattern of Results | Possible Condition | Action |
|---|---|---|
| ALT ↑↑, AST ↑ | Hepatitis (viral, autoimmune, drug-induced) | Further tests (HBV, HCV), liver ultrasound |
| ALP ↑, GGT ↑ | Bile duct problems, alcohol-related liver disease | Imaging (ultrasound, MRCP) |
| Bilirubin ↑, ALP ↑ | Cholestasis, gallstones, tumor | May need ERCP or surgery |
| Albumin ↓, PT ↑ | Chronic liver disease, cirrhosis | Long-term management, liver protection |
| Mild isolated AST ↑ | Muscle injury, exercise, heart issues | Repeat, check CK levels |
| All normal | Healthy liver | Maintain healthy lifestyle |
Would you like this data presented in a PDF for patient education, or turned into a visual chart for your website/blog?
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