Hernia can occur anywhere in the body. However, there are some common spots for hernias. Due to the presence of hard bony covering casket wall is typically not affected. Hernia in the lower reverse is also rare due to chine and back muscles and tough ligaments and sheets. The common point for hernia is the abdominal wall. Compared to another corridor the abdominal wall is weak due to the presence of some natural orifices. There are some areas wherein the abdominal muscles are weaker and thin and all these factors make a chance for herniation. The common spots for hernia are the following.

a) Inguinal hernia
Then the abdominal contents bag through the inguinal conduit ( passage in the lower abdominal wall just above the inguinal ligament. It’s seen on either side). This type is common in males. Initially, the lump comes only while straining and goes back while lying down. Latterly the large portion of the intestine may come out which may not go back fluently.
b) Femoral hernia
This type of hernia is more females. Here the abdominal contents pass through the femoral conduit which is seen just below the junction between the ham and lower abdominal wall (Inside the femoral triangle). The contents pass down and come out through the saphenous opening in the ham and form a swelling under the skin.

c) Umbilical hernia

This is common in children. The umbilicus is the weaker part of the abdomen. The contents of the tummy may bag as a bulb-like swelling while crying and defecating.

d) Incisional hernia

These hernias are seen in operated spots. Due to indecorous suturing or sepsis, the operating point becomes weak performing in a hernia.

e) Epigastric hernia
Then the herniation occurs in the epigastrium. It’s a rare type.
f) Lumbar hernia
Then the hernia appears in the lumbar area on either side of the lumbar chine (in the lumbar triangle). This is also a rare type.
g) Obturator hernia
This is a rare type of hernia. Then the contents pass through the obturator foramen in the pelvic bone.
Complications of hernia-–

Abdominal and Pelvic hernia

• Strangulation
• Still, and latterly the blood inflow to the herniated napkins may be blocked due to constriction, If the hernial perforation is narrow the abdominal contents may not go back easily. This can beget death of protruded intestine.
• Intestinal inhibition
• This occurs when the whole portion of the intestine is beetled into the hernial sac. The narrow hernial perforation will block the passage of the intestine.
• Infection and peritonitis

If there’s strangulation with the death of a portion of the intestine there will be a spread of infection to the tummy performing in peritonitis.
Treatment of hernia-–
Original treatment In the original stages of hernia the following way may be useful
1– Use of hernia belt
Special types of hernia belts are available for each type of hernia. This will help the projection and will reduce pain.
2-Constipation, intermittent cough, urinary inhibition ect should be treated.